HOLOCAUST Essay -- Essays Papers

HOLOCAUST As tensions mounted up until the point of World War II and the war stormed through Europe, another battle silently raged. Not only did Hitler and the Nazi party wage war on countries throughout Europe, they also assaulted and purged entire innocent groups. The Holocaust began in 1933 and reached its height in WW II, while coming to an end with the war in 1945. Hitler used the Holocaust as a mechanism to rid his "racially superior" German state of any "inferior" groups (especially Jews) that would be of some threat or sign of inferiority to Germany. As a result of the Holocaust, millions of men, women, and children of various national, ethnic, and social backgrounds died or had their lives impacted forever. In 1933 Adolph Hitler became the Chancellor of the German government, and he and his Nazi regime came into power. At this time, Hitler also instated the Nazi racial ideology. These ideas emphasized that the Germans or Aryan race was superior to the non-Aryan peoples who were not part of the German heritage. Those who were not racially pure were on different levels. Most Slavic individuals were considered "subhuman" as were those who led unconventional lifestyles or were physically or mentally impaired. At the bottom of the list were the Jews who were considered to be a non- human race. The Holocaust began in the year of 1933. Although it effected diverse groups, the Jews received most of the abuse from the Holocaust. In 1933, there were approximately nine million Jews living in the 21 countries that would be occupied by Hitler and the Nazis during WW II ( The Holocaust). Hitler s... ...gled them into neutral territory. By the end of World War II approximately six million Jews were killed in the Holocaust, along with hundreds of thousands of Slavs and 250,000 mentally and physically handicapped. The Holocaust left many innocent slaughtered and those who escaped with a lasting imprint of oppression and murder. The impressions of the Holocaust continue to effect these groups and our societal outlook even today. WORKS CITED - Bartoszewski, W. The Warsaw Ghetto. Boston: Beacon Press, 1987. - Bauer, Y. A History of the Holocaust. New York: Franklin, 1976. - Fleming, G. Hitler and the Final Solution. Berkley: University California Press, 1982. - The Holocaust: An Historical Summary. http://www.ushmm.org/misc- bin/add. (28 February 1998).

A Growing Problem in the United States

Stating this proves that it schools are a in the epidemic. The epidemic is increasing and part of it rising is the schools fault. There are thousands and thousands of children who become obese from eating school lunch. School lunches are very high in the calories. Their lunches are very unhealthy. It doesn't only make children become obese or overweight. It also ruins their health, and that is very bad. Also according to the mnn. om website â€Å"those who regularly ate the school lunch were 29 percent more likely to become obese that those who packed their own. † By learning this we know children who eat lunch has a greater percent to becoming obese. Also learning this proves that school lunch is very unhealthy. Therefore I think schools should pay attention to how their school lunch affects a child's weight. Vending machines and chool stores sell too much high calorie snacks and drinks. This needs to stop because this is another reason why childhood obesity increases from sc hools.I think the vending machines and the school stores need to have healthier snacks and drinks. President Obama says â€Å"Removing unhealthy high-calorie snacks and drinks from schools is a important step toward tackling the nation's childhood obesity epidemic. † What president Obama is basically saying is that removing snacks and drinks will help to lessen childhood obesity in America. Removing is way to lessen our big trouble with children weight. Removing unhealthy snacks and drinks could give America to decrease childhood obesity.Also president Obama said â€Å"the sale of unhealthy high-calorie snacks and drinks in school vending machines undermines these etto rts to ensure access to healthy and nutritious t in schools † Basically president Obama is trying to say selling these high calorie snacks and drinks is not supporting the decrease in childhood obesity schools should not sell unhealthy things to children. I think schools should sell healthy snacks and dr inks because the students can benefit in school and use it in their daily lives.For example maybe if they eat healthy in school it will encourage the kids to eat healthy outside of school and if they eat healthy they don't have to worry about become obese or overweight. This gives a child a better way not to become obese or overweight. As a conclusion to this I think schools should decrease the amount of calories that are in their snacks and drinks. They should make the snacks and drinks healthier. I believe schools should wake up and look and start having more physical activities. Children in America are too overweight and they should start having more physical activity and exercise.The perfect way for kids to exercise is at school with all their friends and for them to have fun while doing it. According to Kelly D â€Å"obesity is but one of many problems brought on by poor diet and lack of physical activity. † (Page 142) Exercise is very important way to prevent obesity. S o school is Just the right place to provide children a way to prevent obesity. Children can exercise 45 minutes a day. That way children have a better chance to not end up being obese or overweight. According to Kiess W, Marcus, Claud and Wabitsch â€Å"physical activity is one of the most important factors for therapy and prevention of obesity in children.Physical activity is a graet prevention for childhood obesity. This is another good way for children to exercise in school. It gives people who are obese a chance to not be obese anymore. Physical activity is a great and easy way to become normal in weigh. It also keeps people healthy. Children can practice all kinds of physical activities. They can have fun while doing physical activity. They can have fun exercising at the same time practicing to be healthy. Physical activity is very easy and healthy way to prevent obesity. Also the cdc. com website states that physical activity helps reduce the risk of eveloping obesity.So if y ou can exercise often there is a greater chance that you're not likely to become obese then a person who eats the same as you and does not exercise. So the more you exercise the better. As a result schools should open more physical activities because if they do the amount of child hood obesity will lessen. The three ways that schools can help with childhood obesity giving healthier school lunch, lessening the high calorie snacks and drinks, and adding more physical activities in schools. I think schools need healthier lunch because children's weight can be decreased.I also think he high calorie snacks and drinks need to be lessened in vending machines and school stores. I also think there should be more physical activities its easy and its fun. Childhood obesity need to b decreased now and schools can help. They need to give healthier lunch, decrease the amount of high calorie drinks and snacks, and they also need to add more physical activities. Childhood obesity is a big social is sue in America and we can make it decreased if we get the schools involved. So we need to start as soon as possible because the rising of childhood obesity is not looking good. So let's get schools involved now.

Guidelines Relating to Encounter Killings - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2803 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Research paper Level High school Did you like this example? Guidelines specific to Encounter Killings: The general procedure on the Human Right Violations was not so fruitful in ensuring proper compensation nor preventing further encounter deaths. So the National Human Rights Commission had to issue directives/guidelines specifically for Human Right violation related to encounter deaths. According to those the reports had to be submitted within a stipulated time frame and on the receipt of such reports, the NHRC investigates these cases. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Guidelines Relating to Encounter Killings" essay for you Create order Where it believes there was no apprehension of any possible injury or death to the police personnel at the hands of the criminal, and that the concerned police personnel made use of unjustified force, thus, causing grievous injury or death of an individual, the Commission is empowered to award compensation to the next of kin of the victim and even recommend the prosecution of the errant official.[1] In the year 1996, the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) while dealing with encounter killings of alleged naxals in Andhra Pradesh, pursuant to a complaint lodged by Andhra Pradesh Civil Liberties Committee, found that fake encounter killings were startlingly common and were being carried out with impunity.[2] No or very little action was initiated against the police because of absence of an independent investigation to ascertain the circumstances surrounding encounter killings. The NHRC noted that the deceased was usually arrayed as the accused in an FIR registered at the Police Station involved in the encounter killing and the case was then taken as abated on account of his death.[3] Often, the police officers who led the encounter killing also carry out the investigation and use their personal à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“knowledgeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  to close the matter.[4] The NHRC had issued a set of guidelines on March 29, 1997, on the procedures to be followed by State governments while dealing with encounter deaths and sought the States views on them. This was subsequent to the NHRCs order on November 5, 1996, in a complaint against the Andhra Pradesh government, indicating the correct procedure to be followed in such cases.[5] In the guidelines, it was emphasized that all cases of suspected encounter deaths should be investigated by an independent investigating agency such as the State Criminal Investigation Department (CID) and that the delinquent police officers should be prosecuted. In the guidelines, for the first time, the then NHRC Chairperson, Justice M .N. Venkatachaliah told State governments that if an encounter death was not justified as having been caused in exercise of the legitimate right of private defence, or in proper exercise of the power of arrest under Section 46 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), the police officer causing the death would be guilty of culpable homicide. Whether the causing of death in an encounter was justified as falling under any of the two conditions could only be ascertained by proper investigation and not otherwise, he said in his letter to the Chief Ministers.[6] The NHRC found that its Guidelines were not observed in true spirit and subsequently on 02.12.2003, revised guidelines of the NHRC have been issued and it was emphasized that the States must send intimation to the Commission of all cases of deaths arising out of police encounters.[7] All the States and Union territories have been directed to send a six monthly statement of all cases of deaths in police action in the States/Uni on Territories through the Director General of Police to the NHRC.[8] In its concern that police officers engaging in encounter killings were being glorified for their criminality, the NHRC also emphasized that no gallantry awards or out-of-turn promotions be granted to the officers involved with encounter killings. Further, the NHRC has reiterated its guidelines on 12.05.2010 to all State Governments/Union Territory Administrations for investigation into cases of deaths caused in police action. The revised guidelines are as follows:[9] A. When the police officer in charge of a Police Station receives information about the deaths in an encounter between the Police party and others, he shall enter that information in the appropriate register. [10] B. Where the police officers belonging to the same Police Station are members of the encounter party, whose action resulted in deaths, it is desirable that such cases are made over for investigation to some other independent invest igating agency, such as State CBCID. C. Whenever a specific complaint is made against the police alleging commission of a criminal act on their part, which makes out a cognisable case of culpable homicide, an FIR to this effect must be registered under appropriate sections of the I.P.C. Such case shall invariably be investigated by State CBCID. [11] D. A Magisterial Inquiry must invariably be held in all cases of death which occur in the course of police action. The next of kin of the deceased must invariably be associated in such inquiry.[12] E. Prompt prosecution and disciplinary action must be initiated against all delinquent officers found guilty in the magisterial enquiry/ police investigation.[13] F. No out-of-turn promotion or instant gallantry rewards shall be bestowed on the concerned officers soon after the occurrence. It must be ensured at all costs that such rewards are given/ recommended only when the gallantry of the concerned officer is established beyond doubt.[14] G. (a) All cases of deaths in police action in the states shall be reported to the commission by the Senior Superintendent of Police/ Superintendent of Police of the District within 48 hours of such death in the following format:[15] 1. Date and place of occurrence 2. Police Station, District. 3. Circumstances leading to deaths: i. Self defence in encounter ii. In the course of dispersal of unlawful assembly iii. In the course of effecting arrest. 4. Brief facts of the incident 5. Criminal Case No. 6. Investigating Agency (b) A second report must be sent in all cases of deaths in police action in the states by the Senior Superintendent of Police/ Superintendent of Police to the commission within three months providing following information: Post mortem report Inquest report Findings of the magisterial enquiry/ enquiry by senior officers disclosing:- Names and designation of police official, if found responsible for death; Whether use of force was justified and action taken was lawful; Result of the forensic examination of hand wash of the deceased to ascertain the presence of residue of gun powder to justify the exercise of right of self-defence; and Report of the Ballistic Expert on examination of the weapons alleged to have been used by the deceased and his companions. DECIDED CASES AND COMPENSATION: Compensation has worked as a deterrent to the commission of such crimes. From the guidelines issued and the table which gives statistics on number of cases where compensation was awarded it appears that as soon one approaches NHRC, it will take necessary steps to bring immediate relief to the victims families but it is actually not. The families have struggled a lot. Only enormous public pressure will make way for independent investigation. Moreover the families of the victims has to show show extraordinary grit and determination against all odds to see the case reach a logical conclusion, some cases take ten[16] to thirty[17] long years. The number of cases in which NHRC made recommendations for compensatory monetary relief and/or disciplinary action against public servants or prosecution of public servants in a represents is significantly less compared to the complaints made, most of the cases still remain pending for compliance at various st ages. As far as the cases before 2009, it was found that from the 2560 cases of known encounter,1224 cases are categorized as fake encounters, and the NHRC has ordered for compensation of a few lakhs in only 16 cases.[18] Usually the state government pays the victim and recovers the same amount from the accused official. Some states have been seen to be resistant to the payment of compensation to the victims or their families, and instead insist on waiting for a court of law to establish guilt on the part of the accused official, which is very difficult to prove in such cases since there are invariably no witnesses. Though, in recent years, there has been improvement in the rate of deciding cases and in the number of cases where compensation awarded, the rate of prosecution is still pathetic. In fact there is not even one reported case of prosecution of the cases inquired by NHRC. Only a very less number of cases which are brought into notice to the Higher Judiciary was delive red justice. TABLE VI STATEMENT SHOWING STATEWISE NO. OF CASES REGISTERED ON THE BASIS OF INTIMATION DURING THE LAST THREE YEARS AND CURRENT YEAR UPTO 15/11/2013 ABOUT DEATH DUE TO POLICE ACTION/FAKE ENCOUNTER[19] *TCR TOTAL CASES REGISTERED *D DISPOSED CASES *P PENDING CASES TABLE VII STATEMENT SHOWING NO. OF CASES (INCLUDING CARRY FORWARD) REGARDING DEATH IN ENCOUNTER BY POLICE ( INTIMATION AND ALLEGED) WHERE NHRC RECOMMENDED MONETARY RELIEF,DISCIPLINARY ACTION AND PROSECUTION DURING THE LAST THREE YEARS AND CURRENT YEAR UPTO 15/11/2013[20] Immunities One of the factors that not only promote the security forces to involve in encounter killings but also protects the perpetrators is that immunity that is given under various legislations in India. The word immunity serves good only in the field of medicine. When it comes human right violations, the actual protectors turn perpetrators, thanks to wide immunity powers given by means of discretion. The culture and legal structure of immunity has allowed the most fundamental violations of human rights by the Government officials in the form of encounter killings to go unchecked. The only reason the security forces has the nerve to commit fake encounter because of the confidence that they can get away with it. The immunity to the officials is given in the form of encouragement and then as safeguarding them. Encouragement means the legislative provisions which grant police, security, and other government officials with widespread powers that we discussed in the previous chapters. Safeguarding provisions comes in the form of sanctions that are to be given by the government to prosecute any official who abused their powers. The constitution itself is partly at fault because it provides authority to parliament to enact laws creating both official and sovereign immunity, and is otherwise silent with respect to impunity.[21] Article 34 gives absolute immunity to the armed forces by a law ma de by legislature.[22] In turn, over the course of, the Government of India has passed various laws that effectively shield government officials from criminal and civil suits (official immunity), and protect the government and its entities from being sued for damages for abuses committed by officials (sovereign immunity).[23] The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967, and several local laws contribute to the arsenal of weapons available to the states police officers and administrative officials. Legislation such as the Code of Criminal Procedure, the Armed Forces Special; Powers Act, and the Jammu and Kashmir Disturbed Areas Act each contribute to an atmosphere of impunity in India that is out of step with international standards and is damaging to democracy. The combined effect of the AFSPA, UAPA and certain clauses in the Indian Penal Code and Criminal Procedure Code override many of the protections established by the Indian Constitution, and in other sections of the India n Penal Code and the Criminal Procedure Code. The Protection of Human Rights Act establishing the NHRC does not contain enough force to combat the dangerous provisions in the national security and anti-terrorism measures so effectively enacted, and the result is more human rights violations and police brutality. Such problematic legal provisions are compounded by judicial delay, costly trials and lack of proper investigation of abuses. The requirement of the consent of the central or state government for the prosecution of officials under section 197 of the CrPC and of the central government under section 7 of the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, prevents full redress for violations, and reinforces the climate of impunity for the security forces. The National Human Rights Commission has acknowledged this in its support for the recommendation of the Law Commission in 1985, that section 197 CrPC be amended to obviate the necessity for sanction.[24] Immunity under CRPC Secti on 197 is a giant step toward sweeping defacto official immunity as it deprives courts of jurisdiction over an alleged criminal offence committed by a government official or member of the armed forces while acting or purporting to act within the discharge of his official duty unless it first obtains authorization from the requisite central or state government.[25] Section 197 seeks à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“to protect responsible public servants against the institution of possibly vexatious criminal proceedings for offences alleged to have been committed by them. This protection has certain limits and is available only when the alleged act done by the public servant is reasonably connected with the discharge of his official duty and is not merely a cloak for doing an objectionable act. Use of the expression official duty implies that the act or omission must have been done by the public servant in the course of his service and that it should have been done in discharge of his duty. Can a f ake encounter, a deliberate murder, ever meet this test a reasonable connection with official duty?[26] In several cases the First Information Reports (FIRs) have been filed with police and forwarded to judicial magistrates for investigation to determine whether a trial can commence. Advocates representing the security forces concerned have then filed review petitions challenging the right of magistrates to investigate offences alleged to have been perpetrated by members of the security forces, on the grounds that they do not have the jurisdiction to hear such cases. This has had the effect of stalling the legal process.[27] The review petitions invoke section 197 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), under which no court can take cognizance of an offence alleged to have been committed by a public servant or member of the Armed Forces while acting or purporting to act in the discharge of his official duty except with the previous sanction of the central or state government. One of the biggest problems is there is no timeframe in this provision. A timeframe which says that within so many months the Government must grant sanction and what if the Government fails to give on time, will be deemed to be granted? The government should also provide reasons so it looks like application of mind has taken place and its a speaking order which would be justiciable. Since none of these has been answered and there are no proper framework, this provision acts as absolute immunity. When Cr.P.C fails to protect the police from prosecution, self defence under IPC comes in handy. [1] National Human Rights Commission, Record of discussion Between NHRC UNSR On Extrajudicial, Summary Or Arbitrary Executions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2012 The interaction of the National Human Rights Commission with the UN Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions, Mr. Christof Heyns, was held in the National Human Rights Commission Conference Room on 22.03.2012 at 11:30 AM under the Chairmanship of Justice Shri GP Mathur, Member, NHRC. Available at : https://nhrc.nic.in/Documents/Reports/Record Note UN Spl.Rapporteur on Extra-Judicial Powers.pdf [2] Decision of NHRC in A.P.C.L.C, File Nos. 234(1) to (6)/93-94/NHRC( November 5, 1996), available at https://nhrc.nic.in/Documents/CasesOfEncounterDeaths.pdf [3] Ibid [4] Ibid [5] Ibid [6] https://nhrc.nic.in/Documents/CasesOfEncounterDeaths.pdf [7] https://mha1.nic.in/par2013/par2014-pdfs/rs-190214/2718.pdf [8] https://nhrc.nic.in/Documents/RevisedGuidelinesDealingInEncounterDeaths.pdf [ 9] https://nhrc.nic.in/documents/Death During the course of Police Action.pdf [10] Ibid [11] Ibid [12] Ibid [13] Ibid [14] Ibid [15] [16] Pushkar Raj and Shobha Sharma, Encounter culture and accountability of police, available at: https://www.pucl.org/Topics/Police/2007/encounter_culture.html [17] https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Justice-after-31-years-Three-cops-get-death-penalty-for-plotting-DSPs-murder-in-fake-encounter/articleshow/19398386.cms [18] https://www.ndtvmi.com/b4/dopesheets/aastha.pdf [19]Loksabha unstarred q.no.1979 for 17.12.2013 available at https://164.100.47.132/Annexture/lsq15/15/au1979.htm [20] Ibid [21] Noorani.A.G, Challenges to civil rights guarantees in India 239 (Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2012) [22] Article 34 :Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area: 4 Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, Parliament may by law indemnify any person in the service of the Union or of a State or any other person in respect of any act done by him in connection with the maintenance or restoration of order in any area within the territory of India where martial law was in force or validate any sentence passed, punishment inflicted, forfeiture ordered or other act done under martial law in such area. [23]South Asian Human Rights Documentation Centre(SAHRDC) : à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Eliminating Sovereign and Official Immunity in Fundamental Human Rights Cases: SAHRDCs submission to the National Commissionfor theReviewof theWorking of the Constitutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ 5 January 2001 [24] National Human Rights Commission, Annual Report 1995-96 [25] Supra 94 [26] Noorani.A.G, What Pathribal means for India, The Hindu July.26, 2013 [27] Amnesty International, Report : India: Official Sanction for killings in Manipur  available at https://www.upr-info.org/IMG/pdf/COHR_IND_UPR_S1_2008anx_Annex_XVII_Official_Sanction_fo r_Killings_in_Manipur_AI_re.pdf

Types Of Diabetes Mellitus And Treatment For Each Type

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that occurs in millions of Americans. It occurs when the body cannot secrete insulin or when the insulin secreted is not effectively utilized. This disease can be silent in the beginning stages yet deadly once the organs suffer severe damage along with the nerves and blood vessels. Type one and type two diabetes are comparable but have many differences which will be discussed. Introduction Statistics list diabetes as being the 7th deadliest disease among Americans. There are many horrible symptoms that the affected patients’ of this disease experience and many complications that will occur from the growing progression of the disease. There are some differences in type one and type two†¦show more content†¦It is very important in detecting diabetes early to decrease complications of this disease. There are several ways to diagnose diabetes with each way normally having to be repeated on a separate day in order to properly diagnose diabetes. If a patient’s blood glucose level is high or they have symptoms of high blood glucose as well as a positive test, they may order a second test for diagnoses. Some tests include A1C, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), and the Random (or Casual) Plasma Glucose Test. Complications of diabetes mellitus are a result of the high levels of blood glucose which can damage capillaries in t he kidneys, heart, eyes, or nervous system. That’s why, if not treated, can eventually cause hypoglycemia, hypertension, heart attack, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, heart disease, kidney disease, stroke, blindness, nerve damage in the hands and feet, and even amputations. Type one diabetes is called juvenile diabetes since it is commonly diagnosed in children and young adults. 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Problems, Issues or Disease Progress of Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes mellitus refers to a chronic human health condition characterized by prolonged high sugar level in the blood. A group of metabolic disorders like, seizures, lethargy, and jaundice among others, which occur when chemical reactions abnormally alter the normalcy of the body’s metabolic processes, causes this condition. Diabetes occurs mainly because of two issues; due to inadequate production of insulin by the pancreas, and dueRead MoreThe Treatment Of Diabetes Mellitus1088 Words   |  5 Pages The treatment of diabetes is dependent on its type and its severity, insulin, exercise, and a diabetic diet is used to treat type 1 diabetes, whiles type 2 diabetes is initially controlled with weight loss, type 2 diabetic diet and physical activity; when these initiatives fail to balance elevated blood sugars, oral medications are prescribed and if that proves few futile then insulin and multiple injectable medications are introduced (Medicinenet2). One cannot prevent type 1 diabetes; howeverRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus And Type 2 Diabetes Essay1301 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetes mellitus, known as â€Å"diabetes† is a grouping of metabolic diseases that present, over a long period of time, levels of high blood sugar. There are two main forms of diabetes: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In addition to these two, there is also what is called Gestational Diabetes. In all cases, insulin is somehow not doing its job: Insulin is a hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreas, and is needed to allow glucose to enter the cells and produce energy. IfRead MoreFactors Affecting Prevalence And Treatment Outcomes Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus1005 Words   |  5 PagesFactors Affecting Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rwanda Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition in which the pancreas no longer produces enough Insulin (impaired insulin secretion) or cells stop responding to the insulin that is produced (insulin resistance) resulting in increased blood glucose (â€Å"Endocrine System.† Internal Medicine Clinical Treatment Guidelines. Republic of Rwanda Ministry of Health, 2012 ). Symptoms

Protest Atheism The Myth that Denies Gods Existence Due...

Perspectives of Christianity Term Paper Protest Atheism: The Myth That Denies Gods Existence Due to Evil INTRODUCTION THESIS Theology is an intentionally reflective endeavor. Every day we reflect upon the real, vital, and true experience of the benevolent God that exists. We as humans tend to be social beings, and being so we communicate our beliefs with one another in order to validate ourselves. Furthermore atheism has many forms, three of the most popular atheistic beliefs include: scientific atheism, humanistic atheism and the most popular one being protest atheism. Scientific atheism is the idea that science is the answer for everything and god is not existent. The humanistic approach states that society is†¦show more content†¦It is a cry that screams, â€Å"That’s not fair!† (http://harriscreek.wordpress.com/tag/protest-atheism/) In addition if God was a â€Å"good† God or even existed why wouldn’t it effect the evil on the planet i,e serial killers,rapist,murders etc etc. Instead the evil in the world seems to take the good young and evil to remain living. F urthermore but what if God did not exist at all? Karl Marx was a very famous German philosopher who was a critic of religion. Marx’s views on religion were extremely atheistic. Marx believed that religion was a fairytale, used to motivate those in poverty and by this method it gave them false spiritual hope. Humans do not like to not know, by this humans have a difficult time with explaining the unexplained and to ease their minds they come up with ideas and theories that could potential explain what is happening at hand. To explain why miracles happen, human created religion or this so called â€Å"God† to help explain questions of humanity, that at that time were unexplainable through scientific facts. For most this was sufficient, but philosophers wanted more concrete answers, or had their own theories that helped support their opinions. Marx’s views on religion are examples of how even one of the most intelligent philosophers can interpret the actions of the Church in a different manner. A quote that emphasizes a Marxist view on religion

Coca-Cola Purchase Management

Question: Discuss about the Coca-Cola Purchase Management. Answer: Introduction Coca-Cola is a beverage company that trades in several brands of drinks around the world. In Australia, the firm sells a variety of beverages to its clients directly after manufacturing the drink in its several processing plants. Suppliers are responsible for supplying products to the plant where the actual production takes place. In the process of seeking raw materials from suppliers, the firm uses several criteria and guideline to arrive at the best placed supplier for its raw materials which range in commodities (Coca-Cola, 2017). The firm exists to serve the broad consumer base in Australia by refreshing and benefiting its clients. Therefore, in arriving at the best taste of the commodity, it is necessary to create the a proper ground where the raw materials are sourced from the best and ethical suppliers who meet its guidelines. The suppliers act as business partners who deliver to the system materials such as drink ingredients, packaging materials, as well as goods and services aimed at aiding the manufacturing process. Hence, a responsible sourcing is essential at creating a good image and perception for the firm among its consumers. The research majors on the supplier selection criteria and issues dealing with the goals ad needs of Coca-Cola. On the other hand, it looks into the information technology that the firm considers in its procurement operations thus providing real examples of cases where the firm benefits from the technology (Coca-Cola, 2017). The purchasing costs considerations of the enterprise are checked to ascertain whether they match with the required standards of practice. Summarily, the paper analyzes the purchase management issues in the business and compares them with the standards procedures of purchasing and supply management. Supplier Selection Criteria and Issues at Coca-Cola Supplier selection is a critical step towards attaining the best partners for supply business. Coca-Cola, as a manufacturing plant has several raw materials and packaging materials it needs in its production stages. In this case, the firm explores a wide variety of options among suppliers who produce goods at wholesale prices. The choice of wholesale prices is informed by the fact that the firm seeks to sell the products at the most competitive price possible while guaranteeing quality for the users (Coca-Cola, 2017). Therefore, the firm uses multiple options in selecting products for sale on its website. The Kraljic Portfolio Purchasing Model The model created by Peter Kraljic assists in achieving several purchase options towards maximizing profits and reducing costs. The considerations in the diagram inform the Coca-Cola firm on the ways to explore in its supply chain while remaining profitable and meeting societys needs. The four steps assist in classification of purchases according to urgency and numbers, market analysis of the available suppliers, strategic positioning of a firm towards supplies, and action planning to deliver the best supplies for production. The three considerations on whether to exploit, balance, or diversify supply sources depends on the strength of the market and the suppliers where a high demand for the beverages transfers into a high bargaining power by the firm to the suppliers. The firm embraces supplier diversity in its business. Instead from selecting suppliers from one location, the firm believes in the fact that its suppliers should be spread across the region to represent the face of consumers it enjoys in the market. In selecting its suppliers, the firm considers different raw and packaging materials sourced at suppliers across the Australian region. Thus, the firm engages in several activities aimed at empowering communities across its offering with the skills and resources to produce the raw materials in a bid to capturing a large market share. In so doing, the firm embraces the spirit of diversity as a selection procedure and requirement in its supplier selection. Ethical Sourcing The firm stays clear in its guideline by ensuring that the materials come from destinations and people that practice ethical production. Suppliers are to conduct businesses in ethical manners which comply with the laws and regulations of an ethical firm. The suppliers have to read the firms guideline and communicate the values and expectations therein to the suppliers. For instance, the firm expects its suppliers not to supply materials containing conflict minerals coming from nations such as Congo where the suppliers have to certify their sources as described in the laws. After reviewing a source, the firm can then give an offer to individuals. Good Corporate Citizenship The firm in its supplier guiding principles stipulates the requirements expected on its suppliers. Coca-Cola Australia emphasizes on the importance of responsible workplace practices that have to be complied by the suppliers. The firm inspects and engages its suppliers in workplace inspection to ensure the firms offer the best working environment in the production process of commodities. The conditions must match those that reflect the commitment of the firm to respect of human rights and one that gives back to the society supporting its production ventures. The principles become part of all contractual agreements conducted between the firm and the suppliers that binds them to responsibilities in the communities. In ensuring the same, the firm uses third party organizations to inspect and ensure the internal environment of suppliers comply with the standards set by the firm. Another strategy used by the firm is open selection where the company invites competitive suppliers to supply commodities for the business by offering products and services to the firm. In so doing, the firm allows competition where the highest bidder manages to increase their sales and subsequently the overall profits of the firm (Kumar Kar, Pani, 2014). The firm selects the suppliers from the international and domestic market where it promotes people with disability by considering them in their supply ventures. Multiple selections is also implored by the firm where one commodity can be supplied by different individuals in meeting the demands in the market. the firm does so to have a steady supply of commodities and in catering for the needs of its diverse population. Embracing a wide supplier selection assists the firm to reach to the several large and small-scale business thus promoting them while growing its influence among the consumers. For instance, the company sources packaging materials from women-owned companies, people with disability, and youths in the society. Therefore, it places the supply category to several individuals as long as they meet the ethical provisions and requirements given by the firm. ICT for Purchasing Operations The use of ICT in procurement is essential to the success of companies in different locations. For companies to remain profitable and meet the demands of the market there is a need to utilize the opportunities of technology to explore the market demands (Memon, Lee, Mari, 2015). Selecting purchase sources from the internet offers a firm a wide opportunity to spread its risks and obtain the best company with a good reputation and review from the consumers. The procurement professionals possess necessary skills essential to balancing costs, fulfilling social concerns, managing supplies and using technology in gaining a competitive advantage. Purchasing department uses the diverse information on the Internet to aid in their procurement ventures. For example, the firm uses the online availability of information on Google sites and other wholesale companies providing wholesale supplies gives an upper-hand to the production department. After gaining the information, the procurement departments can contact the suppliers and examine their supply standards thus coming up with the right people to supply its needs (Chai, Liu, Ngai, 2013). The evolving nature of technology allows for the use of informatics in assisting in securing suppliers in the market. The use of digital tools in procurement increases the pace of procurement leading o a high rate of success. Coca-Cola has an information technology enabled inventory system in both its stores and the third party supplier portfolio (Coca-Cola, 2017). In the internal stores, the firm links its inventory with the supplier where a significant drop in the products is met by a timely replenishment of products in the market. In this respect, products do not run out of stock as the suppliers remain in access to the store inventory that is shared between them. The minimum order quantity is displayed in the inventory where a red line is marked every time products go below the demand of the firm (Balm, van Amstel, Habers, Aditjandra Zunder, 2016). In this case, the supplier responds effectively with supplies that meet the demands. On the other hand, the firm has a connection with its third party suppliers where a connection exists that allows the supplier to list the total number of orders present on sale. A decrease in products due to customer purchase results in a subsequent indication of the number of products remaining (Camarero Izquierdo, Garrido Samaniego San Jos Cabezudo, 2015). For instance, a drop in the packaging materials can be easily noted and replenished within time. In this case, the use of ICT is present in the purchase arrangements done by the firm. The small product suppliers do not matter a lot in the equation as there are several suppliers of the kind of the product whose numbers are maintained on the websites which can be viewed by the management. The use of ICT for purchases is recommended in the current business as more suppliers get to register themselves on the websites. Linking supply chain and inventory information with the supplier is an essential tool towards growing influence and maintenance of a steady supply of products. On the other hand, maintaining such a communication assists in fostering timely delivery of products where Coca-Cola can track the product whereabouts in the case of goods on shipping to their different stores (Rodrguez-Escobar, Gonzlez-Benito, 2015). Thus, the firm can advertise products, especially in the brand new category without doubt as the commodities shall arrive on time. Purchasing Cost Analysis Cost analysis refers to the breakdown and examination of constituent costs in a production process. The investment analysis deals with the identification of the total cost of purchasing from a supplier where it examines the costs in storing products compared to that of not having the items on sale from the manufacturer. The costs in procuring do not stop at procuring but rather stretch to aspects such as costs of storing items, delivery costs, and handling charges incurred in the process of procurement (Zhang, Van Donk, van der Vaart, 2016). In case firm orders excess goods, the costs incurred for storage, handling, and delivery rise beyond the expected numbers thereby leading to a crisis. Total cost of ownership is important to the firm as it reduces the overall costs. Thus, acquiring items from suppliers who meet the required standards reduces costs in production and legal challenges. At Coca-Cola, an effective cost analysis is done by the procurement team where the product orders are done in agreement with the forces of supply and demand (Coca-Cola, 2017). The purchasing goals of the organization aimed at providing wholesome product availability according to the demand situation in the market. In this case, it does not need to fill its stores with products that fail to perform in the industry. The firm through the information technology utilizes the technology enabled inventory system which allows for information sharing between the firm and the suppliers (Cheng, Farooq Johansen, 2014). The raw products are procured according to their demands in the market. In such a scenario the firm maintains a low cost when purchasing and producing final beverages that do not ov erstay in the stores thus creating space for other commodities. On the other hand, the firm weighs the costs of lacking products in its store which remain high due to the increased flow of customers during the summer seasons. The cost of storing a lot of products in the warehouse surpassing the demand ratio becomes expensive and unmanageable to the procurement team. Such an action limits the acquisition of other products that might be on demand thus leading to losing customers (Monczka, Handfield, Giunipero Patterson, 2015). The cost of losing customers cannot be compared to that of having limited products and thus calls for a full utilization of the available space for commodities. In response to the same, the firm ensures a steady supply of commodities to remain all time high as long as they match the demands of the market. Lack of products for the firm spells a crisis as such a move leads to lack of trust and reliability for the high market of consumers (Heizer Barry, 2013). Therefore, it is recommendable for the firm to exercise the use of increased technology in linking with the leading suppliers more so, those dealing with parent production to get the lowest price yet a competitive quality on offer (Miles, 2015). The use of technology enhances transparency as the purchasing individuals get to know the performance standards and the destination of goods. Besides, it needs to explore more on other suppliers with established reputation to increase delivery standards, and limit complaints especially from a product coming from the third party sellers trading directly. Conclusion Coca-Cola appears to be a firm that follows all the purchase and supply criteria essential for profitability. The firm uses multi-criteria in the selection of its suppliers by focusing on providers with the lowest price, diversity considerations, and ethical sourcing that meet competitive quality in their offering. The information satisfies the adherence by a large margin thus demonstrating success for the organization. Besides, the firm is up to date in the use of technology in purchase activities as evident in its selection criteria as well as the inventory management leading to proper and timely replenishment. The firm conducts purchasing cost analysis that assists in avoiding losses occurring from high costs of storage, handling, and product delivery. Therefore, it is evident that the firm conforms to the required standards in supply chain management as well as its procurement ventures which promote a steady supply of commodities. Coca-Cola is a certified company in the line of p urchase management leading to a steady business venture. References Coca-Cola. (2017). Supplier and Customer Partnerships. Retrieved from https://www.coca-colacompany.com/our-company/suppliers Coca-Cola (2017). About our Suppliers. 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Twitter Changing their Character Count What Does That Mean for You

By: Eric Hoppe, Ecommerce Manager Rumors have been swirling for years that Twitter would be ditching its 140-character limit, but recent reports indicate that this change is a very real possibility.These sources indicate that Twitter is considering raising the limit to 10,000 characters – about 72 times the length of the current threshold. The Twitter experience has always been defined by the brevity of tweets, which leaves many users wondering: how will this change affect the way businesses and brands use Twitter? Additionally, how will it affect the way consumers use the platform?Change can be hard, but it’s not necessarily a bad thing.Let’s take a look at some potential advantages of a longer character limit. Possible SEO benefits Last year’s Google/Twitter deal gave tweets some prime real estate in the Google search results. It makes sense to assume that longer, richer tweets would fare well in these search results, providing businesses with another powerful way to boost their organic search traffic.The new, meatier tweets can be created to drive readers back to products or content on your site. Opportunities to deliver a more thorough message With the current 140-character limit, it can be challenging to use Twitter to establish thought- leadership or establish real brand awareness.Most businesses rely on a tried-and-true formula: a quick call-to-action followed by a link to some offer or content item.The increased character limit will allow businesses to deliver a far more comprehensive message, and you’ll be able to present this message without making your followers leave the Twitter platform. Fewer, but longer, tweets Over 500 million tweets are sent daily, so it’s no surprise that â€Å"normal† Twitter usage involves popping out a number of short tweets throughout the day.Not every business has the time and resources to keep up with this type of posting schedule.A 10,000-character limit might cause these patterns to shift:longer-form content will start to dot the Twitter landscape, and marketers will need to spend more time crafting these more substantial tweets.This change may lead to an outcome where longer, somewhat less frequent tweets become the norm. You have to wonder why Twitter would be motivated to make a change that’s bound to annoy some of its most loyal users.The company probably wants to broaden its appeal and draw in other social media users who never quite embraced the 140-character limit.With a surge of new users, you could end up with plenty of fresh eyeballs for your content.The key to success with this wider audience will be to understand who they are and what’s important to them. Better analytics Twitter’s current set of analytics provides users with the number of impressions for each tweet, as well as the total engagement received by a tweet.You can break down these figures to see exactly what kind of engagement has been happening such as retweets, likes, follows, replies and much more.While this data is pretty rich on its own, it can only get better if Twitter sees a shift toward longer-form content.Users may eventually be able to see how much total time was spent engaging with a particular tweet, or they may have the chance to learn how far down a user scrolled within a longer tweet’s content.More in-depth analytics information could make Twitter a more powerful marketing tool for your business. Summing it up It’s clear that an increased character limit carries some exciting possibilities for Twitter, but it’s probably best to remain cautiously optimistic for the time being.Longer tweets may transform Twitter into an even better content marketing platform, but these changes may also result in more spam and clutter in the Twitterverse.Only time will tell if a 10,000-character limit will enhance or detract from the overall Twitter experience.